FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH STUNTING AMONG TODDLERS IN THE WORKING AREA OF PANDRAH PUBLIC HEALTH CENTER, BIREUEN DISTRICT
Keywords:
Stunting, Toddlers, SEZ of Pregnant Women, Anemia of Pregnant Women, Exclusive Breastfeeding, Early MP-ASI, Energy Intake, Infectious DiseasesAbstract
Stunting is a condition in which toddlers cannot grow normally due to malnutrition for a long time, so that children's height tends to be shorter than their age. In addition to inhibiting physical growth, stunting also inhibits mental growth and children's health. Stunting cases in 2018 nationally reached 30.8%, Aceh was 37.3%, while Bireuen was 35.1% where the highest cases occurred in the work area of the Pandrah Health Center with 161 cases. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with the incidence of stunting in children under five in the Pandrah Public Health Center, Bireuen Regency in 2020. This research is analytical observational using case control design. The population in this study were toddlers aged 24-59 months who experienced stunting in the work area of the Pandrah Health Center, Bireuen Regency with the mother of the toddler as the respondent. Sampling using the case control study formula as many as 30 toddlers experienced stunting and 30 toddlers did not experience stunting. Data collection was carried out for 7 days from 10 to 16 July 2020 using a questionnaire through interviews. Data analysis used chi-square test with SPSS computer program. The results of the univariate study showed that under five children were not stunted more in infants whose mothers were not SEZ during pregnancy (93.4%), mothers were not anemic during pregnancy (86.7%), under-fives were not LBW (90%), and toddlers with adequate energy intake (90%). Meanwhile, stunting was more in toddlers who were not exclusively breastfed (96.7%), toddlers with early MP-ASI (96.7%), and toddlers who had experienced infectious diseases (83.3%). The results of the bivariate study showed that there was a significant relationship between SEZ of pregnant women (p=0.019) (OR=7,000), anemia (p=0.025) (OR=4.333), LBW (p=0.000) (OR=29.571), exclusive breastfeeding (p=0.001) (OR=37.923), early complementary feeding (p=0.001) (OR=37.923), and infectious diseases (p=0.004) (OR=5.714) with stunting in toddlers. However, there was no significant relationship between energy intake (p = 0.286) (OR = 2.250) and stunting in children under five in the Pandrah Public Health Center, Bireuen Regency. It is hoped that Pandrah Health Center officers can provide counseling and guidance on the factors that cause stunting, especially the importance of exclusive breastfeeding.
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