HEALTH BELIEFS AND SOCIAL SUPPORT ASSOCIATED WITH BREAST SELF-EXAMINATION PRACTICE AMONG INDONESIAN ADOLESCENT GIRLS A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Elizar; Irnawati; Nurmila; Hendrika Wijaya Kartini Putri

Authors

Elizar Poltekkes Kemenkes Aceh
Irnawati Poltekkes Kemenkes Aceh
Nurmila Poltekkes Kemenkes Aceh
Hendrika Wijaya Kartini Putri Poltekkes Kemenkes Aceh

Keywords:

Adolescent girls, Breast self-examination, Breast cancer, Health Belief Model, Social Support

Abstract

Breast self-examination (BSE) is a simple and cost-effective approach to promoting breast awareness and facilitating the early detection of breast cancer. However, BSE practice among adolescent girls remains inadequate and is influenced by multiple psychosocial factors. This study aimed to examine the associations between health beliefs, social support, and BSE practice among Indonesian adolescent girls. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 191 adolescent girls from vocational high schools in Lhokseumawe, Indonesia. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire based on the Health Belief Model and Social Support Theory. Chi-square tests were performed to assess bivariate associations, followed by multivariable logistic regression to identify independent predictors of BSE practice. Bivariate analysis showed significant associations between several health belief and social support variables and BSE practice. In the multivariable analysis, perceived barriers emerged as the strongest independent predictor of BSE practice (p < 0.001). These findings suggest that reducing psychological and practical barriers is essential to improve BSE practice among adolescent girls. School-based breast health promotion programs should integrate practical BSE training, strengthen breast cancer awareness, and actively involve families to promote sustainable early detection behaviors.

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