The Peran menopause dalam perkembangan diabetes mellitus tipe 2: tinjauan literatur

Nora Veri; Magfirah Magfirah; Lia Lajuna; Halimatussakdiah Halimatussakdiah; Lina  Lina; Lili Kartika Sari Harahap

Authors

Nora Veri Poltekkes Kemenkes Aceh
Magfirah Magfirah Poltekkes Kemenkes Aceh
Lia Lajuna Poltekkes Kemenkes Aceh
Halimatussakdiah Halimatussakdiah Poltekkes Kemenkes Aceh
Lina Lina Poltekkes Kemenkes Aceh
Lili Kartika Sari Harahap Poltekkes Kemenkes Aceh

Keywords:

Menopause, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Hypoestrogenism, Oxidative stress, Inflammation, 4Insulin resistance

Abstract

Menopause merupakan fase fisiologis yang ditandai dengan berhentinya fungsi ovarium dan penurunan kadar estrogen secara permanen. Kondisi ini menyebabkan berbagai perubahan metabolik yang dapat meningkatkan risiko terjadinya diabetes melitus tipe 2 (DM tipe 2). Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji peran menopause dalam perkembangan DM tipe 2 berdasarkan bukti ilmiah terkini. Metode yang digunakan adalah refleksi literatur terhadap berbagai artikel ilmiah yang membahas hubungan menopause dengan gangguan metabolisme glukosa dan resistensi insulin. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa menopause berkontribusi terhadap peningkatan risiko DM tipe 2 melalui beberapa mekanisme utama, yaitu hipoestrogenisme, akumulasi lemak viseral, peningkatan stres oksidatif, dan inflamasi kronis derajat rendah. Menopause merupakan faktor risiko penting dalam perkembangan DM tipe 2 melalui interaksi kompleks antara perubahan hormonal, metabolik, oksidatif, dan inflamasi. Pemahaman terhadap mekanisme tersebut diperlukan untuk mendukung upaya pencegahan dan pengelolaan DM tipe 2 pada wanita menopause.

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